Sentences require a subject and a verb.

Clauses & Phrases

A clause is a group of words that contains a verb.
Tim fixed the fence.

Subordinate Clauses depend on the main clause for their meanings.
Tim fixed the fence that had been damaged in the storm.

A phrase is a group of words without a verb. A phrase is used to add extra meaning to the sentence or to clarify the clause.
Before tea, Tim fixed the fence that had been damaged in the storm.

Simple Sentences

Simple sentences have one subject, though they can still have adjectives, adverbs and phrases.
She went away.
She went away for a long weekend.

Compound Sentences

Compound sentences have subordinate clauses and extra main clauses.
Even though I had asked her not to go, she went away for a long weekend.

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